MCQs Week 23 Loading... 1. When the radius of the resistance vessels is increased, which of the following is also increased? Diastolic blood pressureViscosity of bloodHaematocritCapillary blood flow Loading... 2. Leucocytes extravasate By the action of actin and myosinPredominantly as monocytes on the first day post injuryIn response to C3bLargely in the arterioles Loading... 3. Which of the following is NOT a cell-derived mediator of inflammation? Nitric oxideC3aHistamineIL-1 Loading... 4. Which of the following is most likely to cause the following metabolic picture? pH 7.16 pCO2 24mmHg pO2 100mmHg HCO3 6mmol/L K 3.4mmol/L Cyanide poisoningHyperventilationAddison's syndromeConn's syndrome Loading... 5. Granulomatous inflammatory reactions Can be caused by syphilitic reactionsAre a type II hypersensitivity reactionsPredominantly contain eosinophils with a modified 'epitheloid' appearanceAre not associated with inert foreign bodies Loading... 6. Regarding cell injury Both necrosis and apoptosis have a role in cell death following a reperfusion injuryIrreversible injury is identified by the presence of myelin figuresHypoxia is more injurious than ischaemia due to continued circulation of inflammatory mediatorsSOD in mitochondria is responsible for creation of reactive oxygen species Loading... 7. Regarding drug use in the elderly Lithium doses need to be increasedThey have an increased lean body massTheir serum albumin is increasedSide effects are proportional to dosing Loading... 8. Hypertrophy Is not a feature of stressed non-dividing cellsOccurs only in response to cell stressIn muscle cells leads to increased numbers of myofilamentsAndrogen stimulation leading to an enlarged prostate is an example of pathological hypertrophy Loading... 9. Cellular calcification Cannot occur in the presence of hypocalcaemiaAtheroma is an example of metastatic calcificationCan be associated with sarcoidosisSpares the gastric mucosa Loading... 10. Which of the these drugs is safest in pregnancy? LithiumPhenytoinWarfarinHeparin Loading... 11. Metabolic alkalosis can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT HyperaldosteronismHyperventilationHypokalaemiaVolume depletion Loading... 12. A 30yr old man presents with adenopathy of the medial group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes on the right side. Which of the following is likely to be the primary site of pathology? The right testicleThe right buttockThe skin of the left lower limbThe anal canal Loading... 13. Regarding drug use in pregnancy Liphophilic drugs are less likely to enter foetal circulationPrednisolone can be used in pregnancyDrugs with a higher molecular weight readily cross the placentaBarbiturates have a higher affinity for foetal proteins than maternal proteins Loading... 14. Apoptosis Results in destruction of the plasma membrane as the cell breaks upIs initiated by a single pathwayIf disordered can give rise to malignancy formationOccurs when cytochrome C is downregulated within the cell Loading... 15. All of the following are metabolised in some way in the lung EXCEPT SerotoninNoradrenalineAngiotensin IIBradykinin Loading... 16. With regards to the cardiac cycle Phase 1 represents atrial systoleThe aortic valve opens at the beginning of phase 2The T wave of the ECG occurs during phase 4The second heart sound is due to the closure of the mitral valve Loading... 17. Regarding V/Q differences in the lung In healthy individuals the anatomic dead space is less than the physiologic dead spaceDue to the effects of gravity in the upright position, ventilation remains constant throughout the lung but perfusion declines in a linear fashion from base to apex.Ventilation/perfusion ratio is low at the base of the lungVentilation/perfusion inequality causes an equal degree of hypoxaemia and hypercapnia in patients Loading... 18. Regarding the pelvis, which of the following is correct? The margin of the acetabulum is incomplete posteriorly at the acetabular notchThe surface anatomy of the anterior superior iliac spine can be identified by the skin dimples causes by the fascia in the lower backThe psoas major muscle arises from the T12-L5 vertebrae, discs and transverse processesPectineus is an imporant abductor of the thigh Loading... 19. The perineum Is bounded by the pelvic inletIs superficial to the levator and coccygeus musclesIs divided into two triangles by pubbococcygeusDoes not contain any fascial layers Loading...
