MCQs Week 13 Loading... 1. Regarding the muscles of the foot The lumbricals act to flex the proximal phalanges and lie in the deepest layer of musclesThey are innervated by S4The primary function of the intrinsic muscles of the sole of the foot is to resist flattening/maintain the arch of the footThe main flexors of the toes arise from the base of the metatarsals Loading... 2. Regarding multiple sclerosis It is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder characterised by distinct episodes of neurologic deficits separated in time attributable to grey matter lesions that are seperated in spaceThere is no evidence for a genetic linkThe majority of patients who have an initial episode of optic neuritis will go on to develop multiple sclerosisCSF studies in multiple sclerosis show elevated IgG levels with oligoclonal bands Loading... 3. Which of the following morphological changes are NOT seen in alzheimers disease? Diffuse plaquesNeurofibrillary tanglesPick bodiesCortical atrophy Loading... 4. Injury to which nerve results in loss of ankle dorsiflexion and foot eversion? Tibial nerveCommon peroneal nerveSural nerveSaphenous nerve Loading... 5. Pain is a common ED presentation Allodynia is the phenomenon of pain sensation from a gentle stimulusThe autonomic features associated with visceral pain are due to proprioceptors in the affected organsVisceral pain feels different due to the deficiency of C fibres in deep structuresPain impulses are transmitted to the CNS via afferents which end in the ventral horn Loading... 6. Lithium Can cause a central diabetes insipidusIs partly renally excretedExcretion is increased by NSAID useToxicity can be caused by the use of thiazide diuretics Loading... 7. Sodium valproate Has oral bioavailability of greater than 80%Has a half-life of 36hrsIs mainly excreted by direct conjugationHas a volume of distribution in excess of 10L/kg Loading... 8. Which of the following does NOT pass under the inferior extensor retinaculum of the foot? Extensor hallucis longusDeep fibular nerveDorsalis pedis arteryTibial nerve Loading... 9. Fluoxetine Has significant antimuscarinic effectsInhibits the CYP2D6 pathway of drug degradationIn overdose can by treated with haemodialysisCan cause a serotonin syndrome which includes fever, hypotension, muscle weakness and mental obtundation Loading... 10. Which of the following side effects is most associated with haloperidol? HypotensionExtra-pyramidal side effectsAntimuscarinic side effectsToxic confusional state Loading... 11. Regarding CNS tumours They account for <10% of childhood tumoursThe majority of childhood CNS tumours arise in the posterior fossaMeningiomas do not occur in the ventricles Astrocytoma are the least comon adult brain tumours Loading... 12. Regarding the eye, which of the following is INCORRECT? Osteogenesis imperfecta is the only known condition to cause blue scleraAn eye that is too long for it's refractive power is myopicIt is possible to develop glaucoma with normal intraocular pressuresThere is a strong genetic component for the development of age related macular degeneration Loading... 13. Regarding reflexes, which of the following is INCORRECT? Withdrawal reflexes pre-empt the spinal pathway from any other reflex activity taking place at that momentThe opposite limb can also extend in response to an ipsilateral stimulusIrradiation of stimulus is the spread of excitatory impulses up and down to the spinal cord to more motor neuronsThe strength of the reflex is independent of the strength of the stimulus Loading... 14. Which of the following test results is most consistent with a diagnosis of unilateral conductive deafness? Weber test central, Rinne air louder than boneWeber test localised to unaffected ear, Rinne air louder than boneWeber test localised to affected ear, Rinne bone louder than airWeber test central, Rinne bone louder than air Loading...
